Path of Renunciation
Verse 5.28
यतेन्द्रियमनोबुद्धिर्मुनिर्मोक्षपरायणः। विगतेच्छाभयक्रोधो यः सदा मुक्त एव सः।।5.28।।
yatendriya-mano-buddhir munir mokṣa-parāyaṇaḥ vigatecchā-bhaya-krodho yaḥ sadā mukta eva saḥ
Word Meanings
yata—controlled; indriya—senses; manaḥ—mind; buddhiḥ—intelligence; muniḥ—the transcendentalist; mokṣa—liberation; parāyaṇaḥ—being so destined; vigata—discarded; icchā—wishes; bhaya—fear; krodhaḥ—anger; yaḥ—one who; sadā—always; muktaḥ—liberated; eva—certainly; saḥ—he is
Translation · English
With the senses, mind, and intellect ever controlled, having liberation as their supreme goal, free from desire, fear, and anger, the sage is truly liberated forever.
Deep Meaning · English
In this verse, Krishna describes the state of Jivanmukta, one who is liberated while still living in a physical body. The process is not merely about physical withdrawal but a profound internal recalibration where the senses, mind, and intellect are yoked to the Divine. By subjugating these instruments, the seeker moves from the domain of reactive behavior to a state of 'Moksha-parayana,' where the singular goal of liberation becomes the gravity that holds the entire personality in orbit. This is the transition from individual will to cosmic alignment. The eradication of desire, fear, and anger—the 'triple gate of hell'—marks the dissolution of the ego-construct. When these primitive drives lose their foothold, the seeker no longer reacts to the world as an outsider, but observes existence as a witness (Sakshi). This state is not a future achievement but an eternal reality, for in the absence of the 'I-maker' (ahankara), there is nothing left to be bound. To be 'always liberated' (sada mukta eva) is to realize that the soul was never truly constrained by the transient shifts of the material modes.
True liberation is the constant state of living anchored in the soul, where the absence of ego-driven reactions reveals that one is already free from the cycle of becoming.
Connected Verses
Explains the ultimate goal of the 'naishkarmya-siddhi' (state of non-action) achieved by one who has conquered the self.
Identifies lust, anger, and greed as the gateways to self-destruction, which the sage in 5.28 has successfully transcended.
Uses the metaphor of a lamp in a windless place to describe the unmoving awareness of a yogi whose senses and mind are perfectly controlled.
Describes the 'sthitaprajna' or person of steady wisdom who is unmoved by pleasure and pain, mirroring the internal composure described here.
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