Yoga through Distinguishing the Field and the Knower of the Field
Verse 13.5
ऋषिभिर्बहुधा गीतं छन्दोभिर्विविधैः पृथक्।ब्रह्मसूत्रपदैश्चैव हेतुमद्भिर्विनिश्िचतैः।।13.5।।
ṛiṣhibhir bahudhā gītaṁ chhandobhir vividhaiḥ pṛithak brahma-sūtra-padaiśh chaiva hetumadbhir viniśhchitaiḥ
Word Meanings
ṛiṣhibhiḥ—by great sages; bahudhā—in manifold ways; gītam—sung; chhandobhiḥ—in Vedic hymns; vividhaiḥ—various; pṛithak—variously; brahma-sūtra—the Brahma Sūtra; padaiḥ—by the hymns; cha—and; eva—especially; hetu-madbhiḥ—with logic; viniśhchitaiḥ—conclusive evidence
Translation · English
Sages have sung in many ways, with various distinctive chants and also with suggestive words indicative of the Absolute, full of reasoning and decisive.
Deep Meaning · English
In this verse, Bhagavan Krishna serves as a bridge between the revelation of the Vedas and the logical inquiry of the Vedantic tradition. By invoking the 'Rishis' (seers) and the 'Brahma-Sutra' (the definitive philosophical synthesis of the Upanishads), Krishna validates that the knowledge of the Kṣhetra (the Field of Matter) and the Kṣhetrajña (the Knower of the Field) is not a new invention, but the perennial truth discovered by those who have attained the highest states of consciousness. It highlights the harmony between spiritual experience and intellectual rigor, suggesting that Truth is validated both by the ecstatic hymns of the seers and the precise, analytical logic of the Brahma-Sutras. This verse provides a crucial foundation for Arjuna, grounding the ensuing complex metaphysical discourse in an established lineage of authority. It signifies that the distinction between the transient, changing body-mind complex and the eternal, witnessing Self is the culmination of all scriptural wisdom. By synthesizing various approaches—from the lyrical, devotional hymns (Chhandobhiḥ) to the conclusive, rational propositions of the Vedantic aphorisms—Krishna demonstrates that the path to liberation is multi-dimensional, catering to both the heart’s longing and the mind’s demand for certainty.
True wisdom is an ancient, multi-faceted synthesis of intuitive realization and reasoned proof, confirming the eternal distinction between the witnessed world and the witnessing Self.
Connected Verses
Identifies Krishna as the ultimate knower and author of the Vedas and the Vedanta, the source of all the wisdom referenced in 13.5.
Clarifies the essence of the distinction between the field and the knower, which is the ultimate goal of the scriptures discussed in 13.5.
Establishes the lineage of wisdom (parampara), mirroring the reliance on the Rishis mentioned in 13.5.
Discusses the flowery, ritualistic portions of the Vedas compared to the deeper, transformative knowledge, distinguishing between 'hymns' and 'conclusive truth'.
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