Path of Renunciation
Verse 5.22
ये हि संस्पर्शजा भोगा दुःखयोनय एव ते। आद्यन्तवन्तः कौन्तेय न तेषु रमते बुधः।।5.22।।
ye hi sansparśha-jā bhogā duḥkha-yonaya eva te ādyantavantaḥ kaunteya na teṣhu ramate budhaḥ
Word Meanings
ye—which; hi—verily; sansparśha-jāḥ—born of contact with the sense objects; bhogāḥ—pleasures; duḥkha—misery; yonayaḥ—source of; eva—verily; te—they are; ādya-antavantaḥ—having beginning and end; kaunteya—Arjun, the son of Kunti; na—never; teṣhu—in those; ramate—takes delight; budhaḥ—the wise
Translation · English
The enjoyments that arise from contact are only sources of pain, for they have a beginning and an end, O Arjuna; the wise do not rejoice in them.
Deep Meaning · English
In this profound verse, Krishna dismantles the allure of sensory indulgence by exposing the underlying mechanics of human suffering. He points out that pleasures born of sense-contact are 'duhkha-yonayah'—literally, they are the very wombs or origins of future misery. Because these experiences depend entirely on the fleeting union between a sense organ and an external object, they are inherently conditioned and temporal. The mind, in its ignorance, projects an expectation of permanence onto these passing flickers, but the 'budhah' (the wise one) recognizes that any joy requiring a material trigger carries the seeds of its own depletion and the subsequent pain of separation. This discourse serves as a psychological wake-up call for Arjuna. Krishna emphasizes that the wise do not 'ramate'—they do not find their home or dwelling place—in these flickering experiences. By identifying the beginning and end (adyantavantah) of sensory contact, the aspirant realizes that the soul’s true nature is not an object of perception but the eternal Subject. Renunciation here is not a forced asceticism but a natural shifting of focus: once the seeker tastes the infinite, self-arising bliss of the Atman, the manufactured, exhausting titillations of the material world lose their charm, much like a candle flame becoming invisible in the light of the midday sun.
True wisdom lies in recognizing that sensory pleasures are not joys themselves, but ephemeral triggers that inevitably sprout into cycles of desire, craving, and eventual sorrow.
Connected Verses
Describes how nectar-like sensory pleasure at the beginning inevitably turns into poison-like misery in the end.
Contrasts sensory pleasure with the 'boundless joy' (sukham atyantikam) that is known only through the intellect and inner meditation.
Immediately precedes this verse, highlighting that the one who is unattached to external touch finds eternal happiness in the Self.
Establishes the fleeting nature of sensory heat and cold, which appear and disappear like the seasons.
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